JMS, Vol. 59, No. 2, 2023
GEOMECHANICS
STRESS CONCENTRATION IN WELLBORE ZONES AT UNDERGROUND GAS STORAGES
A. M. Svalov
Institute of Oil and Gas Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 119333 Russia
e-mail: svalov@ipng.ru
The author studies stress concentration in wellbore zones during operation of underground gas storages. Numerical modeling yields that at the early stage of high-pressure injection of gas in underground gas storages, near the roof of a productive stratum, in rocks and in the cement lining, destructive shearing stresses arise, comparable with the injection pressure, which can induce the loss of tightness in the annular space. For preventing the loss of gas, it is proposed to ream the wells in the roof of a productive stratum and to install a spring centralizer at a certain place in the casing string. The nominal diameter of the centralizer should exceed the wellbore diameter. This can stop propagation of cement destruction. For decreasing the destructive stress intensity, it is advisable to round off corner zones while reaming within the interval of a productive strata.
Underground gas storage, cement lining, destructive stress, wellbore reaming, spring centralizer
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020011
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PHYSICAL MODELING OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING IN BRANCHED BOREHOLE IN MANMADE BLOCK
A. V. Patutin*, A. A. Skulkin, and V. S. Prasolova
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia *e-mail: patutin@misd.ru
Klinika Sanitas, Iskitim, 633204 Russia
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Physical modeling of hydraulic fracturing is carried out in cubic blocks with an edge length of 200 mm, made of sand concrete mixed with coal fraction, in the nonuniform stress field. A fracture was created in a vertical branched hole. Computer tomography enabled studying the stress raiser at the mother and daughter hole juncture, the actual diameter of the borehole, the drilling-induced fracturing, the sizes of pores formed in consolidation of the manmade blocks, and the trajectories of the created fractures. It is found how the problem geometry and the compressive stresses affect the direction of the created fracture growth.
Manmade block, hydraulic fracturing, fracture, borehole, stress state, physical modeling, computer tomography
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020023
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BOLT PROFILE GEOMETRY EFFECT ON LOAD-BEARING CHARACTERISTICS OF FULLY GROUTED ROCK BOLTS
H. Bakhshandeh Amnieh*, M. Bagheri**, and H. Jalalifar***
School of Mining, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
*e-mail: hbakhshandeh@ut.ac.ir
Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan, Iran
**e-mail: bagheri.327@gmail.com
Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
***e-mail: jalalifar@uk.ac.ir
A series of laboratory pull-out tests were performed on several types of bolts to investigate the effect of profile geometry of resin grouted bolts on load transfer mechanism. Therefore, three different types of bolts were used to prepare twelve series of specimens with different profiles. To evaluate the effect of bond length, the specimens were made using rebar bolts with two embedment lengths of 75 mm and 150 mm. The results showed that load transfer capacity and displacement at peak load were effectively related to the profile configuration and annulus thickness of resin. The bolt types T1 and G2 had higher peak share stress levels and the bolts with a rib spacing of 12.5, 16, 25 and 8 mm had the highest peak shear strength, respectively. By decreasing the rib spacing and embedment length, the system stiffness increased. In the bolt types T1 and G2, by increasing the embedment length from 75 mm to 150 mm, the shear stress decreased by 7.8% and 10.5% and their stiffness decreased by 60.8% and 75.6%, respectively. As the thickness of the resin annulus increased, the peak load decreased.
Fully grouted rock bolt, bolt–grout interface, pull-out test, bolt profile, embedment length
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020035
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APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR THE PREDICTION OF THE INTENSITY OF GROUND VIBRATION AT THE VELIKI KRIVELJ COPPER MINE
J. Radisavljević
Serbia Zijin Copper DOO, Bor, 19210 Serbia
e-mail: jovica.radisavljevic@zijinbor.com
This article presents an artificial neural network (ANN)-based mathematical model for the prediction of the intensity of ground vibration at the Veliki Krivelj copper mine. The starting points for the development of the model are the model of ground vibration, the software package Peltarion Synapse, as a basis, using artificial neural networks ANN and input–output data set of blasted patterns at the Veliki Krivelj open pit. The input–output set contains the values of the blasting parameters of individual blasting patterns and the measured peak particle velocities when blasting those patterns. The advantage of the ANN method was confirmed by comparing the results of predicting the particle velocity obtained by different methods.
Blasting, ground vibration, peak particle velocity, ANN
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020047
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MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY
GEOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF UNDERMINED ROCK MASS IN BLIND OREBODY MINING IN TASHTAGOL FIELD
A. A. Eremenko*, A. G. Gavrilov**, V. A. Shtirts***, and V. S. Pisarev****
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: eremenko@ngs.ru
Mine Assets—Division, EVRAZ ZSMK, Novokuznetsk, 654018 Russia
**e-mail: Aleksey.Gavrilov@evraz.com
Mine Assets—Division, EVRAZ ZSMK, Sheregesh, 652971 Russia
***e-mail: Vladimir.Shtirts@evraz.com
Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Novosibirsk, 630198 Russia
****e-mail: v.s.pisarev@sgugit.ru
The behavior of a pillar is examined in the course of mining of a blind ore body in the Southeast site of Tashtagol field. The geomechanics and geodynamics of the field is analyzed. The article gives calculations of stresses and inelastic strains, as well as the possible failure zones nearby the mined-out space during actual mining in the Southeast site and in the period of ground surface sink. The authors present the geophysical survey data on the thickness of the crown pillar between the mined-out area roof and ground surface. The area and parameters of the sink are determined from gravimetric measurements and aerial photography.
Rock pillar, mined-out space, ore body, gravimetry, mining system, ore, rock, bumps, mineral deposit
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020059
REFERENCES
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IMPROVEMENT OF MINING AND PROCESSING FLOWSHEETS AT STRUCTURALLY COMPLEX ORE DEPOSITS
I. Yu. Rasskazov*, A. Yu. Cheban**, N. M. Litvinova, T. G. Konareva, and A. S. Andryushchenko
Khabarovsk Federal Research Center, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
*e-mail: rasskazov@igd.khv.ru
Institute of Mining, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
**e-mail: chebanay@mail.ru
The article describes the integrated analytical studies and geotechnical assaying of blasted ore samples with size classification at a gold deposit. The parameters of mixed fractions for processing using different technologies are determined. The ore mining and processing flowsheet is developed for a structurally complex extraction block. An improved technology is proposed for the structurally complex ore deposit. Selective ore extraction is followed with screening and size classification into fractions with high and low contents of useful component. The fractions are blended, the blend with the high content of useful component is subjected to flotation, and the blend with the low content of useful component goes to heap leaching. The fraction with the increased content of useful component from rich ore is treated by two-stage sorption and leaching pre-oxidation, which ensures high metal recovery.
Structurally complex block, accompanying operating exploration, ore grades, screening, advanced extraction, upgraded and undergrade ore, resource saving
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020060
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INFLUENCE OF NATURAL ADDITIVE ON SLURRYABILITY AND FLOWABILITY OF IRON ORE
Chandan Gupta* and Satish Kumar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur,
Jharkhand, 831014 India
*e-mail: 2019rsme010@nitjsr.ac.in; chandangupta2011@gmail.com
The present article describes the extensive characterization and stabilization of concentrated iron ore suspension having size ≤ 75 µm by various bench-scale tests. The rheological characteristics of iron ore in the concentration range of 60–80% (by wt.) have been investigated with and without the addition of Sapindus Mukorossi dispersant. The stability of iron ore suspension with saponin is established through rheological properties, dispersant concentration and stabilization mechanism. The nature of experimental rheological data at different shear rates is accomplished by regression analysis and found to be a good fit with Herschel–Bulkley model. The Critical Micellar Concentration of the aqueous extracted dispersant is 0.018 g/cc. The presence of Sapindus Mukorossi saponin greatly improved the slurryability and stability of iron ore suspension. The head loss and specific energy consumption analysis successfully evidence the economic relevance of the surfactants in transporting the slurry through the pipelines.
Iron ore suspension, stabilization, Sapindus Mukorossi (surfactant), critical micellar concentration, rheological modeling
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020072
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34. Das, D., Mohapatra, R.K., Belbsir, H., Routray, A., Parhi, P.K., and El-Hami, K., Combined Effect of Natural Dispersant and a Stabilizer in Formulation of High Concentration Coal Water Slurry: Experimental and Rheological Modeling, J. Molecular Liquids, 2020, vol. 320, p. 114441.
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CRUSHED ROCK STRENGTH TESTING AT IRON RIDGE DEPOSIT
V. A. Babello*, V. M. Lizunkin**, M. V. Lizunkin***, and S. A. Sobolev****
Chita Division—Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, 672039 Russia
*e-mail: chita-bva@mail.ru
Transbaikal State University, Chita, 672039 Russia
**e-mail: prmpi.zabgu@mail.ru
***e-mail: lmv1972@mail.ru
Vismut JSC, Kozlovo, Transbaikalia, 674347 Russia
****e-mail: info@vismut-geo.ru
Crushed rock shear tests are carried out to determine stability of a tailings pond dam. The tests allow finding the rock strength at different grain composition and density of rocks, as well as at different shear ring diameters and normal pressures. It is found that the internal friction angle and cohesion range as 35–40° and 0.0256–0.0293 MPa, respectively, in compacted rocks, and as 25–30° and 0.0163–0.0184 MPa, respectively, in uncompacted rocks.
Mineral deposit, tailings pond, dam, crushed rocks, bench tester, strength properties, specific cohesion, internal friction angle, shear test
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020084
REFERENCES
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3. Nizametdinov, F.K., Nagibin, A.A., Levashov, V.V., Nizametdinov, R.F., Nizametdinov, N.F., and Ksymzhanova, A.E., Methods of In Situ Strength Testing of Rocks and Joints, Journal of Mining Science, 2016, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 226–232.
4. Kurlenya, M.V., Serdyukov, S.V., and Patutinm, A.V., Assessment of Deformation Properties of Rocks by Pressuremeter Testing in Hydrofractured Interval, Journal of Mining Science, 2015, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 718–723.
5. Lizunkin, V.M., Babello, V.A., Lizunkin, M.V., and Beidin, A.V., Determination of Poisson’s Ratio in Crushed Hard Rocks of Various Grain-Size Composition, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 2, pp. 84–92.
6. Lizunkin, V.M., Babello, V.A., Lizunkin, M.V., and Beidin, A.V., Estimation of Strength Properties of Streltsov Field Uranium Ore, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2018, no. 4, pp. 51–55.
7. Gercek, H., Poisson’s Ratio Values for Rocks, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2007, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1–13.
8. Kayabasi, A., Gokceoglu, C., and Ercanoglu, M., Estimating The Deformation Modulus of Rock Masses: A Comparative Study, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2003, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 55–63.
9. Seif El Dine, B., Dupla, J.C., Frank, R., Canou, J., and Kazan, Y., Mechanical Characterization of Matrix Coarse-Grained Soils with a Large-Sized Triaxial Device, Canadian Geotech. J., 2010, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 425–438.
10. Xu, W.J., Wang, S., Zhang, H.Y., and Zhang, Z.L., Discrete Element Modeling of a Soil–Rock Mixture Used in an Embankment Dam, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 86, pp. 141–156.
11. Zou, P., Zhao, X., Meng, Z., Li, A., Liu, Z., and Hu, W., Sample Rocks Tests and Slope Stability Analysis of a Mine Waste Dump, Advances Civil Eng., 2018, 6835709.
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13. Ivars, D.M., Pierce, M.E., Darcel, C., Reyes-Montes, J., Potyondy, D.O., Young, R.P., and Cundall, P.A., The Synthetic Rock Mass Approach for Jointed Rock Mass Modeling, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2011, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 219–244.
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SCIENCE OF MINING MACHINES
JUSTIFICATION OF EFFICIENT ENGINEERING DATA FOR MULTI-DRIVE HIGH-DUTY BELT CONVEYORS
A. A. Ordin*, A. M. Nikols’ky, and E. V. Podugol’nikov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: ordin@misd.ru
Federal Research Center for Informational and Computational Technologies,
Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Anzheromash,
Anzhero-Sudzhensk, 652456 Russia
The authors present the formulation and solution of a problem on the efficient engineering data of multi-drive high-duty belts for bulk coal. The theoretical framework for calculating the belt thrust includes the main equation of the belt conveyor dynamics, and features of calculations in stationary mode and in starting conditions with the regard to horizontal and vertical curvature of the belt route. The rational width and production capacity of a belt conveyor are substantiated. The hauling power and capacity of drives of a multi-drive belt are calculated. The strength test of a selected belt is performed. The calculation using the developed program LENTA 1.0 is presented as a case-study of a multi-drive belt conveyor in Inaglinskaya Mine in the South Yakutia coal field.
Mine, belt conveyor, coal, thrust design, rolling friction, rollers, tension force, production capacity, strength, sag of span
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020096
REFERENCES
1. Zenkov, R.L. and Petrov, M.M., Konveiery bol’shoi moshchnosti (High Capacity Conveyors), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1964.
2. Sectorial Standard, OST 12.14.130-79, Moscow: MUP SSSR, 1980.
3. State Standard, GOST 20-85, Moscow: Gosstandart, 1985.
4. Shakhmeister, L.G. and Solod, G.I., Podzemnye konveiernye ustanovki (Underground Conveyor Installations), Moscow: Nedra, 1976.
5. Shakhmeister, L.G. and Dmitriev, V.G., Raschet lentochnykh konveierov dlya shakht i konveierov (Belt Conveyor Design for Surface and Underground Mines), Moscow: MGI, 1972.
6. Perten, Yu.A., Konveiery, spravochnik (Conveyors: Handbook), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1984.
7. Solod, V.I., Getopanov, V.N., and Rachek, V.M., Proektirovanie i konstruirovanie gornykh mashin i kompleksov (Design and Engineering of Mining Machine and Machine Systems), Moscow: Nedra, 1982.
8. Konveiery lentochnye. Proektirovanie i raschety. NV-542-90 (Belt Conveyors. Calculation and Design. NV-542-90), Novosibirsk: Sibgiproshakht, 1990.
9. Perten, Yu.A., Konveiernye sistemy (Conveyor Systems), Saint-Petersburg: Professional, 2008.
10. RF State Standard No. 476-st, Moscow: Gosstandart, 2002.
11. Kondrashin, Yu.A., Koloyarov, V.K., Yastremsky, S.I., Megrabyan, G.G., and Saetov, N.N., Rudnichnyi transport i mekhanizatsiya vspomogatel’nykh rabot (Mine Transport and Mechanization of Auxiliary Works), Moscow: Gornaya kniga, 2010.
12. Rukovodstvo ekspluatatsii konveiernykh lent (Conveyor Belt Operation Manual), Kursk: Rezinotekhnika, 2007.
13. Raschet lentochnogo transportera (Belt Transporter Design), Tomsk: TPU, 2014.
14. Ordin, A.A., Nikol’sky, A.M., and Metel’kov, A.A., Modeling and Optimization of Preparatory Work and Stoping in a Coal Mine Panel. Journal of Mining Science, 2013, vol. 49, pp. 941–949.
15. Targ, S.M., Kratkiy kurs teoreticheskoi mekhaniki (Theoretical Mechanics: A Brief Course), Moscow: Vyshaya shkola, 1998.
ACTION CHART AND MAIN CONTROLLABLE PARAMETERS OF DUTY CYCLE OF PNEUMATIC PERCUSSION MACHINE
V. V. Plokhikh*, B. B. Danilov, and D. O. Cheshchin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: vadim.plohih@yandex.ru
The structural layouts of pneumatic percussion machines are reviewed. The use of a pneumatic percussion machines with mixed-type air distribution via elastic valve is substantiated for implementation of adaptive technologies. The authors present the theoretical and experimental studies into dynamics of duty cycle of a pneumatic percussion tool with on-line power adjustability.
Adaptive technologies, pneumatic percussion machine, structural layout, simulation model, elastic valve, duty cycle
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020102
REFERENCES
1. Rakhmangulov, А., Burmostrov, K., and Osintsev, N., Sustainable Open Pit Mining and Technical Systems: Concept, Principles, and Indicators, Sustainability, 2021, no. 13 (3), P. 1101.
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3. Kaurkin, I.A. and Zinov’ev, V.V., Robotics in the Mining Industry, Proceedings of the 9th All-Russian Conference of Young Scientists with International Participation—Russia the Young, Kemerovo, 2017, 35006.
4. Khazin, M.L., Robotics for Mineral Mining, Vestn. MGTU im. G. I. Nosova, 2020, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 4–15.
5. Atkinson, R.D., Robotics and the Future of Production and Work, Inf. Technol. and Innovation Foundation, 2019.
6. Dadhich, S., Bodin, U., and Andersson, U., Key Challenges in Automation of Earth-Moving Machines, Automation in Construction, 2016, no. 68, pp. 212–222.
7. Marshall, J.A., Bonchis, A., Nebot, E., and Sheding, S., Robotics in Mining, Springer Handbook of Robotics, Springer, Cham, 2016, pp. 1549–1576.
8. Sudnishnikov, B.V., Esin, N.N., and Tupitsyn, K.K, Issledovanie i konstruirovanie pnevmaticheskikh mashin udarnogo deistviya (Analysis and Design of Pneumatic Percussion Machines), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1985.
9. Nazarov, N.G., Increasing Impact Capacity of Air Hammers, Gornye mashiny: sb. nauch. tr. (Mining Machines: Collection of Scientific Papers), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1980, pp. 14–20.
10. Sulakshin, S.S., Burenie geologorazvedochnykh skvazhin (Exploration Drilling), Moscow: Nedra, 1991.
11. Gurkov, K.S., Klimashko, V.V., Kostylev, A.D. et al., Pnevmoproboiniki (Air Drill Hammers), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1990.
12. Smolyanitsky, B.N. and Chevov, V.V., Enhancement of Energy Carrier Performance in Air Hammers in Underground Construction, Journal of Mining Science, 2014, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 918–928.
13. Gaun, V.A., Analysis and Development of DTH Air Hammers with Increased Impact Energy, Povyshenie effektivnosti pnevmoudarnykh burovykh mashin (Enhancing Efficiency of Air Drill Hammers), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1987.
14. Petreev, A.M. and Smolyanitsky, B.N., Coordinating the Parameters of and Air Hammers with the Capacity of the Air Source, Journal of Mining Science, 1999, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 185–189.
15. Plokhikh, V.V., Danilov, B.B., Cheshchin, D.O., and Kordubailo, A.O., Pneumatic Percussion Machine with Variable Impact Capacity: Layout Validation and Duty Cycle Analysis, J. Fundament. Appl. Min. Sci., 2021, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 315–320.
16. Danilov, B.B., Plokhikh, V.V., Rechkin, A.A., and Cheshchin, D.O., RF patent no. 208325, Byull. Izobret., 2021, no. 35.
17. SimulationX. Available at: ESI Group. URL: https://www.esi-group.com/ products/system-simulation. Accessed 8 November 2022.
18. Plokhilh. V.V., Pneumatic Percussion Tool to Implement Adaptive Technologies, Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin—GIAB, 2022, no. 7, pp. 91–103.
19. ATSP E14-440. Available at: L-CARD. URL: http://www.lcard.ru. Accessed 8 November 2022.
MINERAL DRESSING
SELECTIVITY OF CALCIUM-BEARING MINERAL FLOTATION WITH OXYHYDRYL COLLECTOR
S. A. Kondrat’ev* and D. M. Tsitsilina
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: kondr@misd.ru
A brief literature review on flotation of calcium-bearing minerals is given. It is found that flotation activity of a collector is connected with physisorption of the collector in particle–bubble attachment. The tests prove that physisorption decrease reduces recovery and increases the useful component content /yield ratio in the concentrate. The found correlation is a framework for new approaches to quality improvement of flotation concentrates. The method proposed to select compositions of collectors can enhance selectivity of extraction of useful minerals.
Flotation, selectivity, apatite ore, physisorpiton, synergism of collectors
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020114
REFERENCES
1. Santos, E.P., Dutra, A.J.B., and Oliveira, J.F., The Effect of Jojoba Oil on the Surface Properties of Calcite and Apatite Aiming at their Selective Flotation, Int. J. Miner. Process., 2015, vol. 143, pp. 34–38.
2. Moudgil, B.M. and Cbanchani, R., Flotation of Apatite and Dolomite Using Sodium Oleate as the Collector, Miner. Metallurg. Process., 1985, pp. 13–19.
3. Pugh, R. and Stenius, P., Solution Chemistry Studies and Flotation Behavior of Apatite, Calcite and Fluorite Minerals with Sodium Oleate Collector, Int. J. Miner. Process., 1985, vol. 15, pp. 193–218.
4. Horta, D. G., Monte, M.B.M., and Leal-Filho, L S., Effect of Dissolution Kinetics on Flotation Response of Calcite with Oleate, Brazilian J. Chemic. Eng., 2017, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 1035–1042.
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6. Kulkarni, R.D. and Somasundaran, P., Flotation Chemistry of Hematite/Oleate System, Colloids Surf., 1980, vol. 1, pp. 387–405.
7. Paiva, P.R.P., Monte, M.B.M., Simao, R.A., and Gaspar, J.C., In Situ AFM Study of Potassium Oleate Adsorption and Calcium Precipitate Formation on an Apatite Surface, Miner. Eng., 2011, vol. 24, pp. 387–395.
8. Mishra, S.K., Electrokinetic Properties and Flotation Behavior of Apatite and Calcite in the Presence of Sodium Oleate and Sodium Metasilicate, Int. J. Miner. Process., 1982, vol. 9, pp. 59–73.
9. Moudgil B.M. Cbanchani, Flotation of Apatite and Dolomite Using Sodium Oleate as the Collector, Miner. Metall. Process., 1985, pp. 13–19.
10. Mielczarski, J.A., Cases, J.M., Bouquet, E., Barres, O., and Delon, J.F., Nature and Structure of Adsorption Layer on Apatite Contacted with Oleate Solution 1. Adsorption and Fourier Transform Infrared Reflection Studies, Langmuir, 1993, vol. 9, pp. 2370–2382.
11. Matijevic, E., Leja, J., and Nemeth, R., Precipitation Phenomena of Heavy Metal Soaps in Aqueous Solutions I. Calcium Oleate, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1966, vol. 22, pp. 419–429.
12. Beneventi, D., Carre, B., and Gandini, A., Precipitation and Solubility of Calcium Soaps in Basic Aqueous Media, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2001, vol. 237, no. 1, pp. 142–144.
13. Sis, H. and Chander, S., Reagents Used in the Flotation of Phosphate Ores: A Critical Review, Miner. Eng., 2003, vol. 16, pp. 577–585.
14. Sis, H. and Chander, S., Improving Froth Characteristics and Flotation Recovery of Phosphate Ores with Nonionic Surfactants, J. Miner. Eng., 2003, vol. 16, pp. 587–595.
15. Von Rybinski, W. and Schwuger, M.J., Adsorption of Surfactant Mixtures in Froth Flotation, Langmuir, 1986, vol. 2, pp. 639–643.
16. Abdel-Zaher M. Abouzeid, Physical and Thermal Treatment of Phosphate Ores—An Overview, Int. J. Miner. Process., 2008, vol. 85, pp. 59–84.
17. Pinto, C.A.F., Yarar, B., and Araujo, A.C., Apatite Flotation Kinetics with Conventional and New Collectors, Preprint No. 91-80, SME (Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, INC) Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, 1991.
18. Atademir, M.R., Kitchener, J.A., and Shergold, H.L., The Surface Chemistry and Flotation of Scheelite, II. Flotation “Collectors”, Int. J. Miner. Process., 1981, vol. 8, pp. 9–16.
19. Hernainz, F.B.C. and Calvez, B., Modification of Surface Tension in Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Oleate According to Temperature and pH in the Flotation Bath, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1995, vol. 173, pp. 8–15.
20. Novich, B.E., Flotation Response Prediction from Interfacial Properties, Colloids Surf., 1990, vol. 46, pp. 255–269.
21. Somasundaran, P., Healy, T.W., and Fuerstenau, D.W., Surfactant Adsorption at the Solid-Liquid Interface-Dependence of Mechanism on Chain Length, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, vol. 68, pp. 3562–3566.
22. Tsitsilina, D.М. and Kondrat’ev, S.А., Collecting Properties of Physisorbed Saturated Carboxylic Acids, Proc. Int. Conf. on Problems of Integrated and Environmentally Safe Processing of Natural and Manmade Minerals (Plaksin’s Lectures–2022), Vladivostok, 2022.
23. Kondrat’ev, S.А., Collectability and Selectivity of Flotation Agent, Journal of Mining Science, 2021, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 480–492.
24. Zhou, F., Yan, C., Wang, H., Sun, Q., Wang, Q., and Alshameri, A., Flotation Behavior of Four C18 Hydroxamic Acids as Collectors of Rhodochrosite, J. Miner. Eng., 2015, vol. 78, pp. 15–20.
SELECTING ORGANIC COLLECTORS FOR LUMINOPHORE-BEARING MODIFYING AGENTS TO EXTRACT WEAKLY FLUORESCENT DIAMONDS
V. V. Morozov*, V. A. Chanturia, G. P. Dvoichenkova, E. L. Chanturia, and Yu. A. Podkamenny
Academician Melnikov Institute of Comprehensive Development of Mineral Resources—IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia
*e-mail: dchmggu@mail.ru
The authors have correlated the fluorescence spectrum with the spectrum and kinetics of X-ray luminescence of organic collectors. The correlations prove applicability of organic collectors with modifying agents. From the integrated evaluation of organic liquids by the criteria of their adhesion capacity relative to diamonds and extraction capacity relative to inorganic luminophores, the selected organic collectors are: diesel, heavy gasoil of catalytic cracking, and their mixture. The spectral functions of organic luminophores contained in organic collectors are replaceable with polyaromatic hydrocarbons which generate intense signals similar to the signals of organic luminophores. Efficiency of modifying agents containing organic collectors and hydrophobic luminophores E-515-115-G5 and FL-530-GZ is high. The test organic collector was heavy gasoil of catalytic cracking and diesel fraction at a ratio of 61–9:1. Recovery of weakly and abnormally fluorescent diamonds was 80–90%, while recovery of kimberlite was not higher than 1%. The results allow recommending the developed modifying agents for the commercial-scale X-ray luminescence separation of diamond-bearing materials.
Diamonds, X-ray luminescence separation, modifying agents, luminophores, organic collector, spectrum and kinetics, extaction, adhesion
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020126
REFERENCES
1. Martynovich, Е.F., Morozhnikova, L.V., Klyuev, Yu.A., and Plotnikova, S.P., Rentgenolyuminestsentsiya prirodnykh almazov raznykh tipov. Voprosy teorii i praktiki almaznoi obrabotki (X-ray Luminescence of Different Types of Natural Diamonds. Theory and Practice of Diamond Processing), Moscow: NIIMASh, 1977.
2. Mironov, V.P., Optical Spectroscopy of Diamonds from Concentrates and Tailings of X-ray Luminescence Separation, Nauka i obrazovanie, 2006, no. 1, pp. 31–36.
3. Chanturia VA.., Dvoichenkova G. P., Morozov, V.V., Koval’chuk, О.Е., Podkamennyi, Yu.А., and Yakovlev, V.N., Selective Attachment of Luminophore-Bearing Emulsion at Diamonds—Mechanism Analysis and Mode Selection, Journal of Mining Science, 2020., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 96–103.
4. Morozov, V.V., Chanturia, V.A., Dvoichenkova, G.P., and Chanturia, E.L., Stimulating Modification of Spectral and Kinetic Characteristics of Diamonds by Hydrophobization of Luminophores, Journal of Mining Science, 2021, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 821–833.
5. Chanturia VA., Morozov, V.V., Dvoichenkova, G.P., and Timofeev, А.S., Justification of Luminophore-Bearing Composition for Modifying Spectral-Kinetic Characteristics of Diamonds in X-Ray Luminescence Separation Flowcharts, Obogashch. Rud, 2021, no. 4, pp. 27–33.
6. Liu, J., Wang, M., Feng, F., Tang, A., and Le, Q., Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Solid–Fluid Interaction, ACM Trans. Graphics, 2022, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1–15.
7. Morozov, V.V., Chanturia, V.A., Dvoichenkova, G.P., and Chanturia, E.L., Hydrophobic Interactions in the Diamond–Organic Liquid–Inorganic Luminophore System in Modification of Spectral and Kinetic Characteristics of Diamonds, Journal of Mining Science, 2022, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 257–266.
8. Chanturia, V.A., Morozov, V.V., Dvoichenkova, G.P., Chanturia, E.L., and Podkamennyi, Yu.A., Modification of Diamond Spectrum Pattern Using Luminophore–Containing Agents with Zinc and Cadmium Chalcogenides, Journal of Mining Science, 2022, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 599–609.
9. Pentin, Yu.А. and Vilkov, L.V., Fizicheskie metody issledovaniya v khimii (Physical Research Methods in Chemistry), Moscow: Mir, 2003.
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FUNCTIONALIZED MAGNETIC NANOSORBENTS FOR COPPER EXTRACTION FROM SOLUTIONS
V. I. Bragin, I. A. Baksheeva*, A. A. Plotnikova, and E. A. Burdakova
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Russia
*e-mail: irina_igorevna@mail.ru
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia
The article proves the promising nature of using functionalized magnetic nano particles in extraction of metals from process solutions and in treatment of industrial effluents. The experimental copper extraction from solutions using a magnetic nanosorbent made of lipoic acid-functionalized magnetite is described. Sorption efficiency is determined as function of the initial concentration of solutions as compared with non-functionalized nano-size magnetite. The copper-bearing sedimentation mechanism includes chemosorption at active centers of lipoic acid, adsorption at clean magnetite surface and re-crystallization of sorbate in intrinsic copper-bearing phases. The phase composition of copper in the sediments is examined, and the copper extractability is illustrated. The conditioning technology is proposed for copper-bearing solutions. The stage-wise use of the magnetic nanosorbent enables process solution purification up to the maximum allowable concentration at simultaneous production of a concentrate suitable for hydrometallurgical processing.
Nano particles, magnetite, functionalization, sorbent, lipoic acid
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020138
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PROPERTIES OF GOLD-BEARING HUMIC ACIDS
A. V. Zashikhin* and O. N. Suvorova
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia
*e-mail: obog2006@yandex.ru
The test of gold-bearing humic substances aimed to find forms of gold in them. The test results enable estimation of gold compound mobility during sedimentation of humic acids. Re-sedimentation of humic acids shows similar properties of gold after dissolving with and without a selective dissolver. The amino-acid analysis of humic acids before and after their interaction with ammonium hydroxide reveals the increased content of amino acids capable to dissolve gold. Stage-wise spin of gold-bearing liquid humic acids at acceleration from 4000g to 233000g and at pH of 11 nullifies gold-bearing particles in solutions and makes the latter homogenous. The authors describe the impact of destructive effects relative to organic compounds on joint sedimentation of gold and humic acids.
Gold-bearing humic substances, re-sedimentation of gold-bearing humic acids, amino-acid analysis, spin, preg-robbing
DOI: 10.1134/S106273912302014X
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POST-LEACHING OF SILVER FROM A NON-SULFIDE LEAD–ZINC ORE FLOTATION TAILING LEACH RESIDUE IN A COPPER–AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE SOLUTION: A FUZZY LOGIC PREDICTION
S. Hussaini, A. M. Tita, S. Kursunoglu*, N. Kursunoglu, S. Top, and M. Kaya
Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Department of Mining Engineering, Division of Mineral Processing, Eskisehir, 26480 Turkey
Batman University, Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,
Batman, 72100 Turkey
*e-mail: sait.kursunoglu@batman.edu.tr
Abdullah Gul University, Department of Nanotechnology Engineering,
38100 Kayseri, Turkey
The post-leaching of silver (Ag) from a non-sulfide lead–zinc (Pb–Zn) ore flotation tailing leach residue in a copper–ammonium thiosulfate solution was investigated. Ag (89.7%) was extracted into the leaching solution under the following conditions: 30 g/l ammonium thiosulfate, 0.5 g/l copper sulfate, 25 °C leaching temperature and 4 h leaching time. On the basis of the experimental results, a fuzzy logic prediction was made. Ammonium thiosulfate, copper sulfate and leaching period were chosen as predictive criteria in this step. The fuzzy prediction model was found to be very consistent with the experimental data (R2:0.9657). Based on these findings, the application of the fuzzy logic prediction approach to the silver dissolution from the leach residue could be considered.
Silver, ammonium thiosulfate, copper sulfate, flotation tailing, fuzzy logic prediction
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020151
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MINING ECOLOGY AND SUBSOIL MANAGEMENT
FORMATION OF UNDERSPOIL WATER COMPOSITION AT COPPER–PYRITE DEPOSIT IN THE MIDDLE URALS
L. S. Rybnikov*, P. A. Rybnikov, and A. N. Galin
Institute of Mining, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Yekaterinburg, 620219 Russia
*e-mail: luserib@mail.ru
The authors discuss concentration of chemical elements in underspoil water subject to a season and to climatic conditions. The features of underspoil water composition are analyzed with respect to chemical composition of spoil rocks in water and acid extracts. Majority of the test elements correlate well with their composition in the acid extract and with the spoil rocks composition. The water extract is assumed to be unreliable to predict composition of underspoil water.
Levikha Mine, copper–pyrite deposit, pollutants, soil dump, underspoil water, enclosing rocks, mineral composition, chemical composition, concentration Clarke, hazard ratio
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020163
REFERENCES
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2. Rybnikova, L.S., Rybnikov, P.А., and Navolokina, V.Yu., Reducing Negative Impacts of Dormant Pyrite Copper Ore Mine on the Geosphere in the Urals, Journal of Mining Science, 2022, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 519–525.
3. Rybnikova, L.S., Rybnikov, P.А., Navolokina, V.Yu., and Galin, А.N., Hydrogeoecological Aspects of Studying Manmade Waste from the Depleted Levikha Copper-Pyrite Mine (Sverdlovsk Region), Sergeev’s Lectures. Fundamental and Applied Problems of Present-Day Soil Science. Proceedings of the Annual Session of the Scientific Council RAS on the Problems of Geoecology, Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Moscow, 2022.
4. Mal’tsev, S.V., Chaikovskii, I.I., Grishin, E.L., and Isaevich, A.G., Analysis of Oxidation of Sulfide Minerals in Copper–Nickel Deposits, J. Min. Sci., 2022, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 289–299.
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IMPACT OF INCREASED WATER INFLOW ON MAIN DRAINAGE SYSTEM EFFICIENCY IN MINE
N. P. Ovchinnikov* and I. V. Zyryanov**
Ammosov Northeastern Federal University, Yakutsk, 677000 Russia
*e-mail: np.ovchinnikov@s-vfu.ru
Polytechnic Institute, Division of the Ammosov Northeastern Federal University, Mirny, 678170 Russia
**e-mail: zyryanovv@inbox.ru
The article analyzes the impact of water inflow in a mine on the efficiency of the main mine water drainage system as a case-study of Udachny Mine, ALROSA. It is found that the content of solid particles in mine water grows with the increasing water inflow in the mine. A method is proposed to eliminate excessive water inflow in the mine in warm season in case of a pumping station teardown because of the spoil bank slide. The expected payback time of the proposed engineering solution is calculated.
Kimberlite mine, polluted mine water, financial expenditures, main mine dewatering plant, mechanical impurities, increased water inflow, warm season, water drainage sump driving
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739123020175
REFERENCES
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